Tissues

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Tissues (Medicine)

Tissues (/ˈtɪʃuːz/ or /ˈtɪʃjuːz/) are groups of cells that have a similar structure and act together to perform a specific function. The term "tissue" comes from the Latin word "textus", meaning "woven".

Etymology

The term "tissue" in the biological context was first used by Marie François Xavier Bichat, a French anatomist, in the early 19th century. He derived it from the Latin word "textus", which means "woven". This is in reference to the way cells are interwoven to form tissues.

Types of Tissues

There are four basic types of tissues in the human body: epithelial tissue, connective tissue, muscle tissue, and nervous tissue. Each of these tissue types has specific functions and characteristics that allow them to contribute to the overall health and functioning of the body.

  • Epithelial Tissue - This tissue type covers the body surface and lines its cavities, forming a barrier to protect the body from physical damage, pathogens, and dehydration.
  • Connective Tissue - Connective tissue supports, binds, or separates other tissues or organs, typically with a sparse distribution of cells embedded in an amorphous matrix.
  • Muscle Tissue - Muscle tissue is responsible for producing force and motion. It is classified into three types: skeletal, cardiac, and smooth muscle tissues.
  • Nervous Tissue - Nervous tissue is the main component of the nervous system, which includes the brain, spinal cord, and nerves. It is responsible for transmitting signals between different parts of the body.

Related Terms

  • Cell - The basic structural and functional unit of all organisms.
  • Organ - A group of tissues that perform a specific function or group of functions.
  • Organ system - A group of organs that work together to perform one or more functions.
  • Histology - The study of the microscopic structure of tissues.

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