Testis

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Testis

The Testis (pronunciation: /ˈtɛstɪs/), also known as the testicle, is a vital part of the male reproductive system. The term originates from the Latin word 'testis', meaning 'witness'.

Function

The primary function of the testis is to produce sperm and the male sex hormone, testosterone. The process of sperm production, known as spermatogenesis, occurs within the seminiferous tubules, which are coiled structures present within the testis.

Anatomy

Each testis is an oval-shaped organ that resides in the scrotum, a skin-covered sac that hangs outside the body. This location is important for keeping the temperature of the testes slightly cooler than body temperature, which is necessary for sperm production. The testis is divided into a number of lobules, each containing one to three seminiferous tubules.

Related Terms

  • Epididymis: A long, coiled tube that rests on the backside of each testicle. It transports and stores sperm cells that are produced in the testes.
  • Vas deferens: The duct that conveys sperm from the testicle to the urethra.
  • Leydig cells: Cells in the testes that produce testosterone.
  • Sertoli cells: Cells in the testes that support and nourish developing sperm cells.

Diseases and Conditions

  • Testicular cancer: A type of cancer that originates in the testicles.
  • Orchitis: Inflammation of the testicles.
  • Varicocele: Enlargement of the veins within the scrotum.
  • Hydrocele: Swelling in the scrotum that occurs when fluid collects in the thin sheath surrounding a testicle.

External links

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