Systematic desensitization

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Systematic Desensitization

Systematic desensitization (pronunciation: sis-tuh-mat-ik dee-sen-si-tuh-zay-shuhn) is a type of behavioral therapy used to help effectively overcome phobias and other anxiety disorders.

Etymology

The term originates from the words 'systematic' meaning done or acting according to a fixed plan or system; methodical, and 'desensitization' which refers to the diminished emotional responsiveness to a negative or aversive stimulus after repeated exposure to it.

Definition

Systematic desensitization is a process that involves teaching the patient to replace feelings of anxiety with relaxation. It is often used to treat phobias. The process involves three steps:

  1. Identification of an anxiety inducing hierarchy: The patient and therapist identify particular scenarios that create anxiety and rank them in order of severity.
  2. Learning relaxation or coping techniques: The patient is taught relaxation techniques such as deep breathing, meditation, or muscle relaxation.
  3. Connecting the anxiety inducing situations with relaxation: The patient uses the relaxation techniques they have learned to cope with the anxiety inducing situations identified in step one.

Related Terms

See Also

  • Joseph Wolpe: The South African psychiatrist who developed systematic desensitization.

References

  • Wolpe, J. (1958). Psychotherapy by reciprocal inhibition. Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press.

External links

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