Synovial joint
Synovial Joint
A Synovial Joint (/sɪˈnoʊ.vi.əl ˈdʒɔɪnt/), also known as a diarthrosis (/daɪˌɑːrˈθroʊsɪs/), is a type of joint that is surrounded by a thick, flexible synovial membrane that produces synovial fluid. The term "synovial" is derived from the Greek word "synovia," which means "like an egg," referring to the viscous fluid found in these joints.
Structure
The synovial joint is composed of several key components:
- Articular cartilage: This covers the ends of the bones in the joint, providing a smooth, frictionless surface for movement.
- Synovial membrane: This lines the joint capsule and secretes synovial fluid to lubricate the joint.
- Joint capsule: This is a fibrous tissue that encloses the joint, providing stability and strength.
- Synovial fluid: This is a viscous, egg-like substance that lubricates the joint, reducing friction and wear.
Types of Synovial Joints
There are six types of synovial joints, each allowing different types and degrees of movement:
Function
The primary function of a synovial joint is to provide movement and flexibility to the body. The synovial fluid within the joint serves to reduce friction between the articular cartilages during movement, preventing wear and tear.
Related Terms
- Arthritis: A condition that causes inflammation of the joints, often affecting the synovial membrane.
- Synovitis: Inflammation of the synovial membrane, often resulting in excessive synovial fluid.
- Synovectomy: A surgical procedure to remove a diseased synovial membrane.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Synovial joint
- Wikipedia's article - Synovial joint
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