Surgical incision

Surgical Incision

A surgical incision (pronounced: sur-ji-kal in-si-zhun) is a cut made by a medical practitioner during surgery. The term originates from the Latin word "incisio", which means "a cutting into".

Definition

A surgical incision is a deliberate cut into the body made by a surgeon using a scalpel or other surgical instruments. This is typically the first step in an operative procedure and allows the surgeon access to the area of the body requiring treatment.

Types of Surgical Incisions

There are several types of surgical incisions, each with its own specific purpose and location. Some of the most common types include:

Midline Incision: A vertical incision made along the midline of the abdomen.
Pfannenstiel Incision: A horizontal incision made in the lower abdomen, often used in gynecologic surgeries.
Transverse Incision: A horizontal incision made across the abdomen.
Paramedian Incision: A vertical incision made off to one side of the midline.
Laparotomy Incision: A large incision made in the abdomen to allow for exploration or surgery on the abdominal organs.

Complications

Like any surgical procedure, making a surgical incision carries potential risks and complications. These can include infection, hemorrhage, wound dehiscence (separation of the wound edges), and scar formation.

Related Terms

Suture: A stitch or series of stitches made to secure the edges of a surgical or traumatic wound.
Laparoscopy: A type of surgical procedure that involves smaller incisions and the use of a camera to visualize the surgical area.
Laceration: A type of wound that is often confused with an incision, but is typically caused by trauma rather than a surgical procedure.