Surface ectoderm

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Surface Ectoderm

The Surface Ectoderm (pronunciation: /ˈsɜːrfɪs ˈɛktədɜːrm/) is one of the three primary germ layers in the very early embryo. The other two layers are the mesoderm, and endoderm. The surface ectoderm develops in the embryo's gastrulation stage.

Etymology

The term "ectoderm" comes from the Greek words "ektos" (meaning "outside") and "derma" (meaning "skin").

Development

The surface ectoderm forms many structures including the epidermis, hair, nails, lens of the eye, sebaceous glands, cornea, tooth enamel, the epithelium of the mouth and nose. This layer also forms the anterior pituitary gland and the adrenal medulla.

Related Terms

  • Neural Crest: Cells that are derived from the surface ectoderm and contribute to the development of many structures in the body.
  • Neural Tube: A structure in the early stage of brain development in embryos, formed by cells from the surface ectoderm.
  • Epithelium: The layer of cells that lines the cavities and surfaces of structures throughout the body. It is derived from all three germ layers.
  • Germ Layers: The three layers of cells in the embryo from which all tissues and organs develop.

See Also

External links

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