Speech disorders
Speech Disorders
Speech disorders or communication disorders are types of communication disorders where 'normal' speech is disrupted. This can mean stuttering, lisps, etc. Someone who is unable to speak due to a speech disorder is considered mute.
Pronunciation
/spiːtʃ dɪsˈɔːdəz/
Etymology
The term "speech disorder" is derived from the Old English spǣc (speech), and the Latin dis- (apart) and ordo (order).
Types of Speech Disorders
There are several types of speech disorders, including:
- Articulation disorders: difficulties producing sounds in syllables or saying words incorrectly to the point that listeners can't understand what's being said.
- Fluency disorders: problems such as stuttering, in which the flow of speech is interrupted by abnormal stoppages, partial-word repetitions ("b-b-boy"), or prolonging sounds and syllables (sssssnake).
- Resonance or voice disorders: problems with the pitch, volume, or quality of the voice that distract listeners from what's being said. These types of disorders may also cause pain or discomfort for a child when speaking.
- Dysphagia/oral feeding disorders: these include difficulties with eating and swallowing.
Causes
Speech disorders can be caused by many factors, including muscle weakness, brain damage, genetic factors, hearing loss, and more.
Treatment
Treatment for speech disorders often involves speech therapy, and depends on the cause of the disorder. A speech-language pathologist can provide this treatment.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Speech disorders
- Wikipedia's article - Speech disorders
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