Sore throat

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Sore Throat

A sore throat (/sɔːr θroʊt/), also known as pharyngitis (/færɪnˈdʒaɪtɪs/), is a common medical condition characterized by pain, discomfort, or irritation in the throat.

Etymology

The term "sore throat" comes from the Old English "sār" meaning "painful" and "þrote" meaning "throat". The medical term "pharyngitis" is derived from the Greek "pharynx" (/ˈfærɪŋks/) meaning "throat" and "-itis" (/aɪˈtaɪtɪs/), a suffix used in medicine to denote inflammation.

Symptoms

Common symptoms of a sore throat include pain, a scratchy sensation, difficulty swallowing, and hoarseness. Other symptoms may include swollen glands in the neck, white patches on the tonsils, and a fever.

Causes

A sore throat is most commonly caused by viral infections such as the common cold, influenza, or mononucleosis. Bacterial infections, such as streptococcus (Strep throat), can also cause a sore throat. Other causes can include allergies, dry air, pollution, smoking, and certain medical conditions like gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD).

Treatment

Treatment for a sore throat depends on the cause. Viral infections typically resolve on their own and can be managed with over-the-counter remedies and rest. Bacterial infections may require antibiotics. Other treatments can include throat lozenges, pain relievers, and home remedies like warm liquids or saltwater gargles.

Related Terms

  • Tonsillitis: Inflammation of the tonsils, often causing a sore throat.
  • Laryngitis: Inflammation of the larynx, which can cause a sore throat and hoarseness.
  • Strep throat: A bacterial infection causing a severe sore throat.

External links

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