Snake venom
Snake venom
Snake venom (/ˈsneɪk ˈvɛnəm/) is a highly modified saliva containing zootoxins that facilitates the immobilization and digestion of prey, and is also used defensively as a method of self-defense against predators. The venom is often delivered by injection using hollow or grooved fangs, although some venomous snakes lack well-developed fangs.
Etymology
The term "venom" comes from the Latin word venenum, meaning "poison" or "drug". The term "snake venom" is a combination of "snake", derived from the Old English snaca, and "venom".
Composition
Snake venom is a complex mixture of proteins, enzymes, and various other substances. These components can have a wide range of effects, including neurotoxic, cytotoxic, and hemotoxic effects. The exact composition of snake venom varies widely from species to species.
Effects
The effects of snake venom can range from mild irritation to death, depending on the species of snake, the amount of venom delivered, and the location of the bite. Symptoms can include pain, swelling, nausea, and in severe cases, paralysis, hemorrhage, and death.
Treatment
Treatment for snake venom poisoning typically involves the administration of antivenom, which is a serum that neutralizes the effects of the venom. It is important to seek medical attention immediately following a snake bite, even if the snake is not known to be venomous.
Related terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Snake venom
- Wikipedia's article - Snake venom
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