Shoulder joint
Shoulder Joint
The Shoulder Joint (pronounced: SHOUL-der joint) is a complex structure that connects the upper arm (humerus) to the shoulder blade (scapula) and the collarbone (clavicle). It is one of the most mobile joints in the human body, allowing a wide range of movements.
Etymology
The term "shoulder" comes from the Old English word "sculdor," meaning shield. The term "joint" comes from the Latin word "junctus," meaning joined.
Anatomy
The shoulder joint is a ball-and-socket joint, formed by the glenoid cavity of the scapula and the head of the humerus. It is enveloped by a capsule of fibrous tissue and synovial membrane, which produces a lubricating synovial fluid. The joint is stabilized by the rotator cuff, a group of muscles and tendons that surround the joint.
Function
The shoulder joint allows for a wide range of movements, including flexion, extension, abduction, adduction, internal rotation, and external rotation. These movements are essential for many daily activities and physical tasks.
Related Terms
- Glenoid cavity: The socket in the scapula that articulates with the head of the humerus to form the shoulder joint.
- Humerus: The long bone in the upper arm that forms part of the shoulder joint.
- Scapula: Also known as the shoulder blade, it is a flat, triangular bone located at the back of the shoulder.
- Clavicle: Also known as the collarbone, it connects the scapula to the sternum (breastbone) and helps stabilize the shoulder joint.
- Rotator cuff: A group of muscles and tendons that surround the shoulder joint and provide stability.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Shoulder joint
- Wikipedia's article - Shoulder joint
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