Shoulder dislocation

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Shoulder Dislocation

Shoulder dislocation (/ˈʃoʊldər/ /ˌdɪsloʊˈkeɪʃən/) is a common injury in which the humerus (upper arm bone) is forced out of the glenohumeral joint, the ball-and-socket joint that connects the arm to the shoulder blade. This condition can occur as a result of a direct blow, a fall, or an abrupt twisting motion of the arm.

Etymology

The term "dislocation" comes from the Latin dislocare which means "to put out of place". The term "shoulder" is derived from the Old English sculdor, meaning "shoulder".

Types of Shoulder Dislocation

There are three types of shoulder dislocation:

  • Anterior dislocation: This is the most common type of shoulder dislocation, accounting for more than 95% of cases. It occurs when the humerus is displaced forward, away from the body.
  • Posterior dislocation: This type of dislocation is less common and occurs when the humerus is displaced backward, toward the spine.
  • Inferior dislocation: Also known as luxatio erecta, this is the least common type of shoulder dislocation. It occurs when the humerus is displaced downward.

Symptoms

Symptoms of a shoulder dislocation include severe pain, swelling, inability to move the joint, and a visibly deformed or out-of-place shoulder.

Treatment

Treatment for a shoulder dislocation typically involves a procedure known as a reduction, in which a healthcare provider manually manipulates the shoulder to guide the humerus back into its socket. Following a reduction, the shoulder is usually immobilized with a sling for several weeks to allow the joint to heal.

Related Terms

  • Subluxation: A partial dislocation of a joint.
  • Rotator cuff: A group of muscles and tendons that stabilize the shoulder.
  • Glenoid labrum: A ring of cartilage that surrounds the socket of the shoulder joint.

External links

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