Scratch reflex
Scratch reflex
The Scratch reflex (pronounced: /ˈskrætʃ rɪˈflɛks/) is a neurological response exhibited by many animals, including humans. It is a reaction to an irritant on the skin, causing the animal to automatically scratch the affected area with a hind limb.
Etymology
The term "scratch reflex" is derived from the English word "scratch," which means to rub or scrape one's skin or a surface with one's nails or claws, often to relieve itching. The word "reflex" comes from the Latin "reflexus," meaning "bent back," and in this context refers to an involuntary and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus.
Mechanism
The scratch reflex is a complex process involving both the peripheral and central nervous systems. When an irritant is detected on the skin, sensory neurons transmit signals to the spinal cord. These signals are then relayed to motor neurons, which control the movement of the muscles involved in scratching. The reflex is automatic and occurs without conscious thought, although it can be suppressed voluntarily.
Related Terms
- Reflex: An automatic and nearly instantaneous movement in response to a stimulus.
- Neuron: A specialized cell transmitting nerve impulses; a nerve cell.
- Spinal Cord: The major column of nerve tissue that is connected to the brain and lies within the vertebral canal and from which the spinal nerves emerge.
- Motor Neuron: A nerve cell forming part of a pathway along which impulses pass from the brain or spinal cord to a muscle or gland.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Scratch reflex
- Wikipedia's article - Scratch reflex
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