Salmonella typhi
Salmonella typhi
Salmonella typhi (pronounced: sal-muh-nel-uh tahy-fahy) is a Gram-negative bacteria that causes typhoid fever, a potentially life-threatening disease.
Etymology
The term "Salmonella" is named after the American veterinarian Daniel Elmer Salmon, who first isolated the bacteria. "Typhi" is derived from the Greek "typhos", meaning smoke or cloud, which metaphorically represents the state of confusion often associated with the disease it causes.
Description
Salmonella typhi is a flagellated bacterium, meaning it has whip-like appendages that allow it to move. It is a facultative anaerobe, which means it can survive in both oxygen-rich and oxygen-poor environments. It is also a mesophile, preferring moderate temperatures for growth.
Disease
Salmonella typhi is the causative agent of typhoid fever, a systemic infection that primarily affects the lymphatic system. Symptoms of typhoid fever include high fever, weakness, stomach pain, headache, and loss of appetite. In severe cases, it can lead to serious complications such as intestinal perforation and peritonitis.
Transmission
The bacteria are transmitted through the fecal-oral route, often through contaminated food or water. It can also be spread through close contact with an infected person.
Treatment
Treatment for typhoid fever typically involves antibiotics to kill the bacteria. In some cases, surgery may be required to repair intestinal damage.
Prevention
Prevention strategies include good hygiene practices, safe food handling, and vaccination.
Related Terms
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Salmonella typhi
- Wikipedia's article - Salmonella typhi
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