STEMI

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STEMI

ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction (STEMI), pronounced /ˈstiːmi/, is a type of heart attack that is identified by a specific pattern on an Electrocardiogram (ECG).

Etymology

The term "ST-Elevation Myocardial Infarction" is derived from the ST segment seen on an ECG, which is elevated in this type of heart attack. "Myocardial Infarction" is a medical term for a heart attack, which comes from the Greek words "myo-" meaning muscle, "cardia" meaning heart, and "infarction" meaning tissue death due to lack of oxygen.

Definition

A STEMI is a severe type of heart attack caused by a prolonged period of blocked blood supply that affects a large area of the heart. This blockage is often caused by a blood clot that forms in one of the coronary arteries, which supply blood to the heart. The ST segment elevation is an abnormality detected on an ECG and is a sign of acute damage to the heart muscle.

Symptoms

Symptoms of a STEMI include severe chest pain, shortness of breath, dizziness, fatigue, and nausea. These symptoms can be sudden and intense, and immediate medical attention is required.

Treatment

Treatment for STEMI includes immediate reperfusion therapy, which aims to restore blood flow to the heart muscle. This can be achieved through percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI), which involves the use of a balloon to open up the blocked artery, or through thrombolysis, which involves the use of medication to dissolve the blood clot.

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