Restless legs

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Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS)

Restless Legs Syndrome (RLS), also known as Willis-Ekbom disease, is a neurological disorder characterized by an irresistible urge to move one's body to stop uncomfortable or odd sensations. It most commonly affects the legs, but can also affect the arms, torso, and even phantom limbs. Moving the affected body part modulates the sensations, providing temporary relief.

Pronunciation: /ˈrɛstlɪs leɪgz ˈsɪndroʊm/

Etymology: The term "Restless Legs Syndrome" was first used in the medical literature in 1945 by Swedish neurologist Karl-Axel Ekbom, who also provided a comprehensive description of the condition. The term "Willis-Ekbom disease" is named after Thomas Willis, a 17th-century British physician who first described the symptoms, and Karl-Axel Ekbom.

Symptoms

The hallmark symptom of RLS is a nearly irresistible urge to move the legs. This is often accompanied by unusual or uncomfortable sensations that are often described as crawling, creeping, pulling, itching, tingling, burning, aching, or electric shocks. These sensations typically occur in the lower leg, but can also occur in the foot, thigh, arm, or hand. Symptoms typically occur or worsen during periods of rest or inactivity, particularly in the evening or at night, and are partially or temporarily relieved by movement.

Causes

The exact cause of RLS is unknown, but it is thought to involve a combination of genetic, environmental, and neurological factors. It is often associated with specific conditions, including iron deficiency, kidney failure, Parkinson's disease, diabetes mellitus, rheumatoid arthritis, and pregnancy.

Treatment

Treatment of RLS is primarily aimed at relieving symptoms. This may include lifestyle changes, such as avoiding caffeine and alcohol, maintaining a regular sleep schedule, and engaging in regular physical activity. Medications may also be used, including dopaminergic agents, benzodiazepines, opioids, and anticonvulsants.

See Also

External links

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