RRNA
rRNA
rRNA, or ribosomal RNA, is a type of RNA (ribonucleic acid) that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis, a process that occurs in the ribosomes of cells.
Pronunciation
rRNA is pronounced as /ɑːr aɪ aɪ en eɪ/.
Etymology
The term "rRNA" is an abbreviation for "ribosomal RNA". The term "ribosomal" is derived from "ribosome", which in turn comes from the Greek words "ríbos", meaning "a small grain", and "soma", meaning "body". The term "RNA" stands for "ribonucleic acid", a type of molecule that plays many key roles in the biology of all life forms.
Function
rRNA, along with proteins, makes up the structure of the ribosome. The rRNA molecules provide a mechanism for decoding mRNA (messenger RNA) into amino acids and interact with the tRNA (transfer RNA) during translation, which is the synthesis of a protein from an mRNA molecule.
Related Terms
- DNA: Deoxyribonucleic acid, the molecule that carries genetic instructions in all living organisms.
- mRNA: Messenger RNA, a type of RNA that carries the genetic information copied from DNA in the form of a series of three-base code “words,” each of which specifies a particular amino acid.
- tRNA: Transfer RNA, a type of RNA that carries individual amino acids into the ribosome for assembly into the newly forming protein chain during the process of translation.
- Protein Synthesis: The process in which cells build proteins according to the instructions encoded in DNA.
- Ribosome: A cellular machine that assembles proteins.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on RRNA
- Wikipedia's article - RRNA
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