Psychiatric disorders
Psychiatric Disorders
Psychiatric disorders (pronunciation: /saɪˈkaɪətrɪk dɪsˈɔːdəz/), also known as mental disorders, are a broad range of conditions that affect mood, thinking, and behavior. They are often characterized by a combination of abnormal thoughts, emotions, behavior, and relationships with others.
Etymology
The term "psychiatric" is derived from the Greek words "psyche" meaning "soul" or "mind" and "iatros" meaning "healer" or "doctor". The term "disorder" comes from the Latin "dis-" meaning "apart" and "ordo" meaning "order", implying a state of confusion or disarray.
Types of Psychiatric Disorders
There are several types of psychiatric disorders, including:
- Anxiety disorders: These disorders involve excessive fear or anxiety that interferes with daily activities. Examples include panic disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, and phobias.
- Mood disorders: Also known as affective disorders, these involve persistent feelings of sadness or periods of feeling overly happy, or fluctuations from extreme happiness to extreme sadness. Examples include depression, bipolar disorder, and cyclothymic disorder.
- Psychotic disorders: These disorders involve distorted awareness and thinking. The most notable example is schizophrenia.
- Eating disorders: These disorders involve preoccupation with food and body weight. Examples include anorexia nervosa, bulimia nervosa, and binge eating disorder.
- Personality disorders: These involve enduring patterns of behavior, perception, and inner experience that deviate significantly from the expectations of the individual's culture. Examples include borderline personality disorder, antisocial personality disorder, and narcissistic personality disorder.
- Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD): This is a condition that can develop following a traumatic and/or terrifying event, such as a sexual or physical assault, the unexpected death of a loved one, or a natural disaster.
Treatment
Treatment for psychiatric disorders varies based on the specific disorder and the individual's needs. It often includes a combination of psychotherapy, medication, and self-care. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Psychiatric disorders
- Wikipedia's article - Psychiatric disorders
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