Protein-energy malnutrition
Protein-energy malnutrition
Protein-energy malnutrition (PEM) is a form of malnutrition that is defined as a range of pathological conditions arising from coincident lack of protein and calorie intake.
Pronunciation
- /ˈproʊtiːn ˈɛnərdʒi ˌmælnʊˈtrɪʃən/
Etymology
The term "protein-energy malnutrition" is derived from the fact that it is caused by a deficiency in protein and energy in the diet. The term "malnutrition" is derived from the Latin "mal" meaning "bad" and the Old French "nourrir" meaning "to nourish".
Definition
Protein-energy malnutrition occurs when the body does not get enough protein and energy, leading to a variety of health problems including weight loss, muscle wasting, weakened immunity, and organ damage. It is most commonly seen in children in developing countries where food is scarce, but can also occur in individuals with certain medical conditions that affect nutrient absorption or in those with poor dietary habits.
Types
There are two main types of protein-energy malnutrition: kwashiorkor and marasmus. Kwashiorkor is characterized by adequate energy intake but insufficient protein intake, leading to edema, fatty liver, and skin and hair changes. Marasmus, on the other hand, is characterized by insufficient intake of both energy and protein, leading to severe weight loss and muscle wasting.
Related Terms
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Protein-energy malnutrition
- Wikipedia's article - Protein-energy malnutrition
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