Pre-excitation syndrome

Pre-excitation Syndrome

Pre-excitation Syndrome (/priː.ɪk.saɪˈteɪ.ʃən sɪnˈdroʊm/), is a group of conditions where part of the heart receives electrical activation before the rest of the heart due to an additional pathway, known as an accessory pathway. The term originates from the Latin praecox, meaning 'early', and the Greek σύνδρομον (syndromon), meaning 'concurrence of symptoms'.

Types

There are several types of pre-excitation syndromes, including Wolff-Parkinson-White syndrome and Lown-Ganong-Levine syndrome. These conditions are characterized by the presence of an accessory pathway which can lead to episodes of rapid heart rate (a condition known as tachycardia).

Symptoms

Symptoms of pre-excitation syndromes can include palpitations, dizziness, fainting (syncope), and in severe cases, sudden cardiac death. However, some individuals with pre-excitation syndromes may be asymptomatic.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of pre-excitation syndromes is typically made through an electrocardiogram (ECG), which can show the presence of an accessory pathway. Other diagnostic tests may include Holter monitor and event monitor.

Treatment

Treatment for pre-excitation syndromes can include medications to control the heart rate, such as beta blockers and calcium channel blockers. In some cases, a procedure known as catheter ablation may be used to destroy the accessory pathway.

Prognosis

The prognosis for individuals with pre-excitation syndromes is generally good, particularly if the condition is managed with medication or ablation. However, in some cases, the condition can lead to life-threatening arrhythmias.

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Pre-excitation syndrome