Phenylephrine
Phenylephrine
Phenylephrine (pronounced: fen-il-EF-rin) is a medication primarily used to increase blood pressure, relieve nasal congestion, and dilate the pupil. It is a selective alpha-1 adrenergic receptor agonist of the phenethylamine class.
Etymology
The term "Phenylephrine" is derived from its chemical structure, which consists of a phenyl group attached to an amino alcohol. The "phenyl" part of the name refers to the six-carbon aromatic phenyl group, -C6H5. The "ephrine" part of the name is a reference to epinephrine, a hormone and neurotransmitter that phenylephrine mimics in its action.
Usage
Phenylephrine is used as a decongestant, available over-the-counter as a nasal spray (nasal decongestant) or as oral medication, to relieve sinus congestion and pressure. It is also used in eye drops to dilate the pupil (mydriatic) or to relieve redness (vasoconstrictor). In emergency situations, it can be used intravenously to prevent or treat low blood pressure (hypotension) during spinal anesthesia.
Related Terms
Side Effects
Common side effects of phenylephrine include nausea, headache, and a fast heart rate. It is not recommended for people with heart disease, uncontrolled high blood pressure, or severe thyroid problems.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Phenylephrine
- Wikipedia's article - Phenylephrine
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