Peroxides
Peroxides
Peroxides (/pɛrˈɒksaɪdz/) are a group of compounds with the structure R−O−O−R. The O−O group in a peroxide is known as the peroxide group or peroxo group. In terms of etymology, the word peroxide comes from the Latin per meaning "through" and oxidare meaning "to oxidize".
Types of Peroxides
There are several types of peroxides, including hydrogen peroxide, organic peroxide, and inorganic peroxide.
- Hydrogen Peroxide: Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) is a simple peroxide composed of two hydrogen atoms and two oxygen atoms. It is a powerful oxidizer and is used in various applications, from disinfecting wounds to bleaching hair.
- Organic Peroxide: Organic peroxides are organic compounds containing the peroxide functional group (R−O−O−R'). They are often used in polymerizations, as curing agents, and as initiators in radical reactions.
- Inorganic Peroxide: Inorganic peroxides are inorganic compounds containing the peroxide functional group. They are less commonly encountered than organic peroxides and are often strong oxidizers.
Safety and Handling
Peroxides can be hazardous and should be handled with care. They can cause skin and eye irritation, and some peroxides, such as hydrogen peroxide, can be harmful if swallowed or inhaled. In addition, peroxides can be explosive and are a fire risk.
Related Terms
- Oxidation: A chemical reaction in which a substance loses electrons, often involving oxygen or peroxides.
- Reduction: The opposite of oxidation, a chemical reaction in which a substance gains electrons.
- Radical (chemistry): A molecule that has an unpaired electron and is highly reactive. Peroxides can form radicals.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Peroxides
- Wikipedia's article - Peroxides
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