Periodontium
Periodontium
The Periodontium (pronunciation: /ˌpɛri.oʊˈdɒnʃi.əm/) is a complex, specialized tissue that surrounds and supports the teeth in the human mouth. The term is derived from the Greek words "peri," meaning around, and "odont," meaning tooth.
Structure
The periodontium consists of four main components:
1. Cementum: This is a specialized calcified substance that covers the root of the tooth.
2. Periodontal ligament (PDL): This is a group of specialized connective tissue fibers that essentially attach a tooth to the alveolar bone within which it sits.
3. Gingiva: Also known as the gums, these are the soft tissues that cover the alveolar processes of the jaws and surround the necks of the teeth.
4. Alveolar bone: This is the hard tissue that surrounds the roots of teeth and holds them in place.
Function
The primary function of the periodontium is to provide support to the teeth, allowing them to withstand the forces of biting and chewing. It also serves as a protective barrier against bacteria and other harmful substances.
Related Terms
- Periodontitis: This is a serious gum infection that damages the soft tissue and destroys the bone that supports your teeth.
- Gingivitis: This is a common and mild form of gum disease that causes irritation, redness and swelling (inflammation) of your gingiva.
- Periodontal pocket: This is a dental term indicating the presence of an abnormal depth of gingival sulcus near the point at which the gingival tissue contacts the tooth.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Periodontium
- Wikipedia's article - Periodontium
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