Periodontal Disease
Periodontal Disease
Periodontal Disease (pronunciation: /ˌpɛriəˈdɒntəl/), also known as Gum Disease, is a set of inflammatory conditions affecting the tissues surrounding the teeth. The term "periodontal" originates from the Greek words "peri," meaning around, and "odont," meaning tooth.
Definition
Periodontal Disease is a chronic bacterial infection that affects the gums and bone supporting the teeth. It can range from simple gum inflammation, known as Gingivitis, to serious disease resulting in major damage to the soft tissue and bone that support the teeth, known as Periodontitis.
Causes
The primary cause of Periodontal Disease is plaque, a sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on our teeth. Other factors that can contribute to this disease include smoking, hormonal changes in women, diabetes, certain medications, genetic susceptibility, and poor oral hygiene.
Symptoms
Symptoms of Periodontal Disease may include red, swollen, or tender gums, bleeding while brushing or flossing, gums that pull away from the teeth, loose or separating teeth, persistent bad breath, changes in the way teeth fit together when biting, and changes in the fit of partial dentures.
Treatment
Treatment of Periodontal Disease involves regular cleaning to remove plaque and tartar, scaling and root planing, and in severe cases, surgical treatments such as flap surgery or bone and tissue grafts.
Prevention
Prevention of Periodontal Disease involves maintaining good oral hygiene, regular dental check-ups, a balanced diet, and avoiding tobacco.
Related Terms
- Gingivitis - The mildest form of periodontal disease.
- Periodontitis - A severe form of periodontal disease that can lead to tooth loss.
- Plaque - A sticky film of bacteria that constantly forms on our teeth.
- Tartar - Hardened plaque that has been left on the tooth for some time and is now firmly attached to the tooth surface.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Periodontal Disease
- Wikipedia's article - Periodontal Disease
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