Perinatal asphyxia
Perinatal Asphyxia
Perinatal asphyxia (pronunciation: /ˌpɛrɪˈneɪtəl æsˈfɪksiə/) is a medical condition that occurs when a newborn infant does not receive sufficient oxygen before, during, or immediately after birth. This can lead to hypoxia and potential physical harm, particularly to the brain.
Etymology
The term "perinatal" is derived from the Greek words "peri-" meaning around or about, and "natal" meaning birth. "Asphyxia" comes from the Greek "asphyxia" meaning stopping of the pulse.
Causes
Perinatal asphyxia can be caused by a variety of factors, including placental abruption, umbilical cord accidents, uterine rupture, and maternal hypotension. It can also occur as a result of birth asphyxia, which is a lack of oxygen to the baby during the birthing process.
Symptoms
Symptoms of perinatal asphyxia can include apnea, bradycardia, hypotonia, and seizures. In severe cases, it can lead to hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy, a type of brain damage caused by lack of oxygen.
Treatment
Treatment for perinatal asphyxia typically involves immediate resuscitation to restore oxygen levels, followed by supportive care to manage symptoms and prevent further damage. This may include mechanical ventilation, anticonvulsant therapy, and therapeutic hypothermia.
Related Terms
- Hypoxia: A condition in which there is a decrease in the oxygen supply to a tissue.
- Ischemia: A condition in which there is a restriction in blood supply to tissues.
- Neonatal resuscitation: The intervention after a baby is born to help it breathe and to help its heart beat.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Perinatal asphyxia
- Wikipedia's article - Perinatal asphyxia
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