Percentile
Percentile
Percentile (pronunciation: /pərˈsenˌtīl/) is a statistical measure that indicates the value below which a given percentage of observations in a group of observations falls.
Etymology
The term "percentile" is derived from the Latin word "centum," which means "hundred." The suffix "-ile" is from the Latin "-ilis," which is used to form adjectives of relationship or resemblance.
Definition
In statistics, a percentile is a measure used in statistics indicating the value below which a given percentage of observations in a group of observations fall. For example, the 20th percentile is the value (or score) below which 20% of the observations may be found.
Usage
Percentiles are often used in academics and medicine to compare individual performance or health outcomes against a standard population. They are also used in business for similar purposes, such as comparing a company's performance to its competitors.
Related Terms
- Quartile: A type of quantile which divides the number of data points into four more or less equal parts, or quarters.
- Decile: A quantile that divides the data into ten equal parts.
- Median: The value separating the higher half from the lower half of a data sample.
- Standard deviation: A measure of the amount of variation or dispersion of a set of values.
- Normal distribution: A type of continuous probability distribution for a real-valued random variable.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Percentile
- Wikipedia's article - Percentile
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