Peptidyl transferase

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Peptidyl Transferase

Peptidyl transferase (pronounced: pep-ti-dyl trans-fer-ase) is an enzyme that plays a crucial role in protein synthesis. It is responsible for the formation of peptide bonds, which link amino acids together to form proteins.

Etymology

The term "peptidyl transferase" is derived from the words "peptide" and "transferase". "Peptide" comes from the Greek word "peptos", which means "digested", and "transferase" is a type of enzyme that catalyzes the transfer of a functional group from one molecule to another.

Function

Peptidyl transferase is located in the large subunit of the ribosome, a cellular structure where protein synthesis occurs. It catalyzes the transfer of the growing peptide chain from the tRNA in the P site of the ribosome to the aminoacyl-tRNA in the A site. This reaction forms a peptide bond and lengthens the protein chain.

Related Terms

  • Protein Synthesis: The process by which cells build proteins, involving transcription, translation, and the use of ribosomes.
  • Ribosome: A cellular structure where protein synthesis occurs.
  • tRNA: Transfer RNA, a type of RNA that carries amino acids to the ribosome for protein synthesis.
  • Aminoacyl-tRNA: A complex of tRNA and its attached amino acid.
  • Peptide Bond: The chemical bond that links amino acids together in a protein.

See Also

External links

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