Parotid
Parotid
The Parotid (pronounced: puh-ROT-id) is the largest of the salivary glands in humans. It is a major contributor to the production of saliva, which aids in digestion and oral health.
Etymology
The term "Parotid" is derived from the Greek words "para" meaning near, and "otid" meaning ear. This is due to the gland's location near the ear.
Anatomy
The Parotid gland is located in front of the ear and extends to the area beneath the earlobe. It is divided into two lobes by the Facial nerve (seventh cranial nerve). The gland is encapsulated by a tough fibrous sheath known as the Parotid fascia, which is derived from the Deep cervical fascia.
Function
The primary function of the Parotid gland is the production and secretion of saliva. This saliva contains enzymes such as Amylase that begin the process of digestion. The saliva also helps in lubricating and binding food particles, facilitating their movement through the esophagus.
Related Terms
- Parotitis: Inflammation of the Parotid gland, often caused by mumps.
- Parotidectomy: Surgical removal of the Parotid gland.
- Parotid duct: The duct through which saliva is transported from the Parotid gland to the mouth.
- Parotid tumor: A growth or lump in the Parotid gland.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Parotid
- Wikipedia's article - Parotid
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