Oryza sativa

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Oryza sativa

Oryza sativa (pronunciation: /ɔːˈraɪzə səˈtaɪvə/), commonly known as Asian rice, is the plant species most commonly referred to in English as rice. Oryza sativa is a grass species, which produces the edible grain that is a staple food for many world populations, especially in Asia.

Etymology

The term "Oryza sativa" is derived from the genus name "Oryza" and the Latin word "sativa", meaning cultivated. The genus name "Oryza" is derived from the Greek word ὄρυζα (oruza), which is the Greek form of the ancient Indian word "vrīhí" (व्रीहि) for rice.

Description

Oryza sativa is an annual plant, usually cultivated in waterlogged soil, which is native to the tropical and subtropical regions of South Asia and Southeast Asia. It has long, slender leaves and a hollow stem and can grow to over a meter in height. The grain of Oryza sativa, known as rice, is a major food source in many parts of the world.

Varieties

There are two major subspecies of Oryza sativa: Oryza sativa subsp. indica and Oryza sativa subsp. japonica. Indica rice varieties are usually cultivated in the tropics, while japonica rice varieties are typically grown in temperate regions.

Cultivation and uses

Oryza sativa is cultivated in a wide range of environments, from traditional small-scale systems in Asia to large-scale commercial farms in the United States. The grain is used for a variety of purposes, including as a staple food, in brewing, and for animal feed.

Related terms

External links

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