Orthognathic surgery
Orthognathic Surgery
Orthognathic Surgery (pronunciation: /ˌɔːrθəʊɡˈnæθɪk/), also known as corrective jaw surgery, is a type of surgery that is performed to correct conditions of the jaw and face related to structure, growth, sleep apnea, TMJ disorders, malocclusion problems owing to skeletal disharmonies, or other orthodontic problems that cannot be easily treated with braces.
Etymology
The term "Orthognathic" is derived from the Greek words "orthos" meaning straight and "gnathos" meaning jaws. Hence, Orthognathic Surgery essentially means straightening of the jaws.
Procedure
Orthognathic Surgery involves the surgical manipulation of the elements of the facial skeleton to restore the proper anatomic and functional relationship in patients with dentofacial skeletal anomalies. The surgery may be performed on the upper jaw, lower jaw, cheekbones, and chin.
Related Terms
- Maxillofacial Surgery: This is a surgical specialty focusing on reconstructive surgery of the face, facial trauma surgery, the oral cavity, head and neck, mouth, and jaws.
- Malocclusion: This term refers to misalignment or incorrect relation between the teeth of the two dental arches when they approach each other as the jaws close.
- Temporomandibular Joint (TMJ): This is the joint of the jaw and is frequently referred to as TMJ. The TMJ is a bilateral synovial articulation between the mandible and temporal bone.
Risks and Complications
Like any major surgery, Orthognathic Surgery carries risks, such as infection, bleeding, and adverse reaction to anesthesia. Other potential risks can include relapse of the condition, nerve injury, need for further surgery, changes in appearance, and psychological impact.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Orthognathic surgery
- Wikipedia's article - Orthognathic surgery
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