Optic nerve hypoplasia

Optic Nerve Hypoplasia (pronunciation: op-tik nərv hī-pō-ˈplā-zh(ē-)ə) is a medical condition that is characterized by the underdevelopment of the optic nerve during pregnancy. The etymology of the term comes from the Greek words optikos (relating to vision), neuron (nerve), hypo (under) and plasis (formation).

Definition

Optic Nerve Hypoplasia (ONH) is a congenital condition in which the optic nerve is underdeveloped. The optic nerve is responsible for transmitting visual information from the retina to the brain. In individuals with ONH, the optic nerve has fewer than the normal number of nerve fibers.

Symptoms

The symptoms of Optic Nerve Hypoplasia can vary greatly from person to person. Some individuals may have near-normal vision, while others may be completely blind. Common symptoms include nystagmus (involuntary eye movement), strabismus (crossed or out-turned eyes), and poor visual acuity.

Causes

The exact cause of Optic Nerve Hypoplasia is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with certain risk factors during pregnancy, such as young maternal age, alcohol or drug use, and diabetes.

Treatment

There is currently no cure for Optic Nerve Hypoplasia. Treatment is focused on managing symptoms and supporting the individual's ability to function with low vision. This may include the use of low vision aids, occupational therapy, and special education services.

Related Terms

• Optic nerve
• Retina
• Nystagmus
• Strabismus
• Occupational therapy

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Optic nerve hypoplasia
• Wikipedia's article - Optic nerve hypoplasia

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