Oncogenomics

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Oncogenomics

Oncogenomics (pronunciation: on-co-ge-no-mics) is a sub-discipline within genomics that characterizes cancer-associated genes. It focuses on genomic, epigenomic and transcript alterations in cancer.

Etymology

The term "oncogenomics" is derived from the words "oncogene," which refers to a gene that has the potential to cause cancer, and "genomics," which is the study of the genomes of organisms.

Definition

Oncogenomics is the comprehensive study of the genetic changes associated with, and responsible for, the development and progression of cancer. It involves the use of high throughput technologies to sequence the genomes of cancer cells and compare them to those of normal cells with the aim of identifying genetic mutations and alterations that are responsible for the transformation of normal cells into cancerous cells.

Related Terms

  • Oncogene: An oncogene is a gene that has the potential to cause cancer. In tumor cells, these genes are often mutated or expressed at high levels.
  • Genomics: Genomics is an area within genetics that concerns the sequencing and analysis of an organism's genome.
  • Cancer genomics: Cancer genomics is a field of study focusing on the genetic changes that underlie cancer. It aims to understand the genetic basis of tumor cell proliferation and the evolution of the cancer genome under mutation and selection by the immune system.
  • Epigenomics: Epigenomics is the study of the complete set of epigenetic modifications on the genetic material of a cell, known as the epigenome.
  • Transcriptomics: Transcriptomics is the study of the transcriptome, the complete set of RNA transcripts that are produced by the genome, under specific circumstances or in a specific cell.

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