NSAIDS

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NSAIDs

Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs, /ˈɛnsɛɪdz/), are a drug class that groups together drugs that provide analgesic (pain-killing) and antipyretic (fever-reducing) effects, and, in higher doses, anti-inflammatory effects.

Etymology

The term "nonsteroidal" distinguishes these drugs from steroids, which, among a broad range of other effects, have a similar eicosanoid-depressing, anti-inflammatory action. The term "nonsteroidal" is used to distinguish these drugs from steroids, which (among a wide range of other effects) have a similar eicosanoid-depressing, anti-inflammatory action.

Types of NSAIDs

NSAIDs are available in over-the-counter and prescription forms. They include Ibuprofen, Naproxen, Aspirin, and Celecoxib. Each of these drugs works in a different way, but they all help to reduce inflammation and pain.

Mechanism of Action

NSAIDs work by inhibiting the activity of cyclooxygenase enzymes (COX-1 and COX-2). In cells, these enzymes are involved in the synthesis of key biological mediators, namely prostaglandins which are involved in inflammation, and thromboxanes which are involved in blood clotting.

Side Effects

Like all medications, NSAIDs can have side effects. Common side effects include nausea, vomiting, diarrhea, stomach pain, and dizziness. More serious side effects can include ulcers, bleeding, kidney damage, and increased risk of heart attack or stroke.

Related Terms

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