Nootropic
Nootropic
Nootropic (pronunciation: /noʊ.əˈtrɒpɪks/), also known as smart drugs or cognitive enhancers, are drugs, supplements, and other substances that may improve cognitive function, particularly executive functions, memory, creativity, or motivation, in healthy individuals.
Etymology
The term "nootropic" is derived from the Ancient Greek words νόος (nóos), meaning "mind", and τροπή (tropḗ), meaning "a turning".
History
The concept of nootropics was first introduced by Romanian psychologist and chemist Corneliu E. Giurgea in 1972. Giurgea coined the term "nootropic" to describe a new category of molecules that acted selectively towards the brain's higher-level integrative activity.
Types of Nootropics
Nootropics are categorized into three main types: dietary supplements, synthetic compounds, and prescription drugs. Some common nootropics include:
- Caffeine
- L-Theanine
- Creatine
- Bacopa Monnieri
- Rhodiola Rosea
- Panax Ginseng
- Ginkgo Biloba
- Nicotine
- Modafinil
- Adderall
- Ritalin
Effects and Usage
Nootropics are used to enhance memory, creativity, and motivation in healthy individuals. While they are not necessarily effective for treating cognitive impairment, they may have potential benefits for those with certain mental disorders such as Alzheimer's disease, ADHD, and depression.
Safety and Risks
While nootropics are generally considered safe for most people, they can have side effects and potential risks. These may include insomnia, anxiety, and potential dependency. It is recommended to consult with a healthcare provider before starting any new supplement regimen.
See Also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nootropic
- Wikipedia's article - Nootropic
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