Nonmelanoma skin cancer
Nonmelanoma Skin Cancer
Nonmelanoma skin cancer (pronunciation: non-mel-a-no-ma skin can-cer) is a type of skin cancer that does not involve melanocytes, the cells that produce the skin pigment known as melanin.
Etymology
The term "nonmelanoma" is derived from the Greek word "melas" meaning "black" and the Latin word "oma" meaning "tumor". It is used to distinguish this type of skin cancer from melanoma, which is a more aggressive form of skin cancer that involves melanocytes.
Types
There are two main types of nonmelanoma skin cancer: Basal cell carcinoma and Squamous cell carcinoma.
- Basal cell carcinoma (BCC) is the most common type of skin cancer. It originates in the basal cells, which are located in the deepest layer of the epidermis.
- Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) is the second most common type of skin cancer. It originates in the squamous cells, which are located in the upper layers of the epidermis.
Causes
Nonmelanoma skin cancer is primarily caused by overexposure to ultraviolet (UV) radiation, either from the sun or from artificial sources like tanning beds. Other risk factors include having a fair complexion, a history of sunburns, a weakened immune system, and exposure to certain chemicals.
Treatment
Treatment for nonmelanoma skin cancer depends on the type, size, location, and stage of the cancer, as well as the patient's overall health. Options may include surgery, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, or a combination of these.
Related Terms
- Dermatology: The branch of medicine dealing with the skin and its diseases.
- Oncology: The study of cancer.
- Carcinoma: A type of cancer that starts in cells that make up the skin or the tissue lining organs.
- Radiation therapy: The use of high-energy particles or waves to destroy or damage cancer cells.
- Chemotherapy: The use of drugs to destroy or damage cancer cells.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nonmelanoma skin cancer
- Wikipedia's article - Nonmelanoma skin cancer
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