Nodding disease
Nodding Disease
Nodding disease or nodding syndrome is a neurological disorder characterized by repetitive dropping forward of the head, often accompanied by other seizure-like activity, such as convulsions or staring spells. The disease primarily affects children between the ages of 5 and 15 years old. It is named for the characteristic, pathological nodding of the head.
Pronunciation
Nodding disease: /ˈnɒdɪŋ dɪˈziːz/
Etymology
The term "nodding disease" is derived from the characteristic nodding symptom observed in those affected. The word "nodding" comes from the Old English cnodding, meaning 'the act of making a quick downward motion of the head,' and "disease" comes from the Old French desaise, meaning 'lack of ease.'
Symptoms
Nodding disease is characterized by a number of symptoms, including:
- Nodding: The characteristic symptom of the disease is a repetitive dropping forward of the head, often in response to food or cold weather.
- Seizures: Many affected individuals also experience other seizure-like activity, such as convulsions or staring spells.
- Cognitive impairment: Over time, the disease can lead to cognitive impairment, stunted growth, and malnutrition.
Causes
The exact cause of nodding disease is unknown, but it is believed to be related to infestations of the parasitic worm Onchocerca volvulus, which is also responsible for river blindness.
Treatment
There is currently no cure for nodding disease, but symptoms can be managed with anticonvulsant medications and other supportive treatments.
Epidemiology
Nodding disease has been reported in several African countries, including South Sudan, Tanzania, and Uganda. It is most common in remote, rural areas.
See also
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nodding disease
- Wikipedia's article - Nodding disease
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