Nitrous acid
Nitrous Acid
Nitrous Acid (pronunciation: nai-trus a-sid) is a weak and monobasic acid known chemically as HNO2. It is an unstable compound in its pure form and exists primarily as a solution or in the form of its salts, the nitrites.
Etymology
The term "Nitrous Acid" is derived from the Latin word "nitrum" (meaning native soda) and the Greek word "nitron" (meaning saltpeter). The suffix "-ous" is used in the nomenclature of inorganic chemistry to denote a lower oxidation state.
Properties and Uses
Nitrous Acid is a pale blue solution which turns yellow on standing due to decomposition to Nitric Acid and Nitrogen Oxide. It is used in organic synthesis for nitrosation and diazotization reactions. Nitrous Acid and its salts, the nitrites, are also used as food preservatives and antimicrobial agents.
Health Effects
Exposure to Nitrous Acid can cause irritation to the eyes, skin, and respiratory tract. It may also cause methemoglobinemia, a condition in which an abnormal amount of methemoglobin — a form of hemoglobin — is produced.
Related Terms
- Nitrite: A salt or ester of Nitrous Acid.
- Nitric Acid: A strong acid and oxidizing agent.
- Nitrogen Oxide: Any of several oxides of nitrogen most of which are produced in combustion processes and are considered air pollutants.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Nitrous acid
- Wikipedia's article - Nitrous acid
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