Nasopharyngeal carcinoma

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Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (pronunciation: nay-zoh-fuh-RIN-jee-ul kar-si-NOH-muh) is a rare type of cancer that occurs in the nasopharynx, the area at the upper part of the throat behind the nose.

Etymology

The term "nasopharyngeal" is derived from "naso-" meaning nose and "-pharyngeal" referring to the pharynx or throat. "Carcinoma" is a term for cancer that begins in the skin or in tissues that line or cover internal organs.

Definition

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma is a malignant tumor that develops in the nasopharynx tissues. It is most commonly a non-keratinizing carcinoma, which means it does not involve the formation of hard, keratin protein.

Symptoms

Symptoms of nasopharyngeal carcinoma may include a lump in the neck, hearing loss, frequent ear infections, sore throat, and nosebleeds. However, these symptoms can also be caused by other, less serious conditions.

Causes

The exact cause of nasopharyngeal carcinoma is unknown. However, it is believed to be associated with the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), a common virus that most people get at some point in their lives. Other risk factors may include a diet high in salt-cured meats and fish, exposure to certain chemicals and dusts, and a family history of the disease.

Diagnosis

Diagnosis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma typically involves a physical examination, medical history, and various tests such as blood tests, imaging tests, and a biopsy.

Treatment

Treatment for nasopharyngeal carcinoma may include radiation therapy, chemotherapy, or surgery. The choice of treatment depends on the stage of the cancer, the patient's overall health, and other factors.

Related Terms

External links

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