Monoclonal

Monoclonal

Monoclonal (pronunciation: /ˌmɒnəʊkləʊˈnɑːl/) is a term used in immunology and genetics to describe a population of cells or molecules that are identical because they are produced by one type of cell, often through cloning.

Etymology

The term "monoclonal" is derived from the Greek words "mono" meaning "one" and "klon" meaning "twig". It was first used in the context of immunology in the 1970s.

Related Terms

• Monoclonal Antibodies: These are antibodies that are made by identical immune cells that are all clones of a unique parent cell. They have monovalent affinity, in that they bind to the same epitope.

• Monoclonal B Cell Lymphocytosis: This is a condition in which people have too many copies of an identical B cell. It is not a cancer, but people with this condition are at a higher risk of developing chronic lymphocytic leukemia.

• Monoclonal Gammopathy of Undetermined Significance: This is a condition in which an abnormal protein - a monoclonal protein, produced by cells in the bone marrow - is found in the blood during standard laboratory tests.

• Monoclonal Immunoglobulin Deposition Disease: This is a rare condition characterized by the deposition of monoclonal immunoglobulins in various organs of the body.

• Monoclonal Population: This refers to a population of cells that are genetically identical because they arise from a single cell.

See Also

• Polyclonal
• Hybridoma Technology
• Antibody
• Immunoglobulin

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Monoclonal
• Wikipedia's article - Monoclonal

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