Middle Ages

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Middle Ages

The Middle Ages (pronunciation: /ˈmɪdəl ˈeɪdʒɪz/) is a period in the history of Europe that lasted from the 5th to the 15th century. It began with the fall of the Western Roman Empire and transitioned into the Renaissance and the Age of Discovery.

Etymology

The term "Middle Ages" is derived from the Latin phrase medium aevum (middle age). It was first used by 15th-century scholars to designate the period between their own time and the fall of the Western Roman Empire.

Related Terms

  • Feudalism: The dominant social system in medieval Europe, in which the nobility held lands from the Crown in exchange for military service, and vassals were in turn tenants of the nobles, while the peasants (villeins or serfs) were obliged to live on their lord's land and give him homage, labor, and a share of the produce, notionally in exchange for military protection.
  • Crusades: A series of religious wars initiated, supported, and sometimes directed by the Latin Church in the medieval period.
  • Black Death: One of the most devastating pandemics in human history, resulting in the deaths of an estimated 75-200 million people in Eurasia, peaking in Europe from 1347 to 1351.
  • Chivalry: The medieval knightly system with its religious, moral, and social code.
  • Manorialism: The organizing principle of rural economy that originated in the villa system of the Late Roman Empire.
  • Guild: A medieval association of craftsmen or merchants, often having considerable power.

External links

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