Microbial genetics

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Microbial Genetics

Microbial genetics is a branch of genetics that studies the genetic material and gene expression of microorganisms, including bacteria, viruses, fungi, and protozoa.

Pronunciation

mi·​cro·​bial ge·​net·​ics | \ ˌmī-krō-ˈbē-əl jə-ˈne-tiks \

Etymology

The term "microbial genetics" is derived from the Greek words "mikros" (small), "bios" (life), and the Latin word "genetica" (origin).

Definition

Microbial genetics is the study of how genes are organized and regulated in microbes in relation to their cellular functions. This field is a sub-discipline of Microbiology and Genetics, and it focuses on the study of genetic processes in microorganisms.

Related Terms

  • Microorganism: A microscopic organism, especially a bacterium, virus, or fungus.
  • Genetics: The study of heredity and the variation of inherited characteristics.
  • Gene Expression: The process by which information from a gene is used in the synthesis of a functional gene product.
  • Bacteria: A type of biological cell, which constitute a large domain of prokaryotic microorganisms.
  • Virus: A small infectious agent that replicates only inside the living cells of an organism.
  • Fungi: Any member of the group of eukaryotic organisms that includes microorganisms such as yeasts and molds, as well as the more familiar mushrooms.
  • Protozoa: A group of single-celled microorganisms, which are not plants, animals or fungi.

See Also

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