Macronutrient
Macronutrient
Macronutrients (pronounced: ma-kroh-NOO-tree-uhnts) are the nutrients that the body needs in large amounts. They include carbohydrates, proteins, and fats. These nutrients provide energy (calories) and have various functions in the body's growth, metabolism, and overall health.
Etymology
The term "macronutrient" comes from the Greek word "makros," which means large, and the Latin word "nutrient," which means nourishing. This term is used because these nutrients are required in large quantities by the body.
Carbohydrates
Carbohydrates (pronounced: kar-boh-HY-drayts) are the body's main source of energy. They are broken down into glucose, which is used by the body's cells for energy. There are two main types of carbohydrates: simple and complex.
Proteins
Proteins (pronounced: PRO-tee-ins) are essential for growth and repair in the body. They are made up of amino acids, which are the building blocks of the body. There are two types of proteins: complete and incomplete.
Fats
Fats (pronounced: fats) are a concentrated source of energy. They are essential for the absorption of certain vitamins and for the production of hormones. There are three types of fats: saturated, unsaturated, and trans fats.
Related Terms
- Micronutrients: These are nutrients that the body needs in smaller amounts, such as vitamins and minerals.
- Dietary Reference Intakes (DRIs): These are the recommended levels of intake for each nutrient.
- Nutrition: This is the process of providing or obtaining the food necessary for health and growth.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Macronutrient
- Wikipedia's article - Macronutrient
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