Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis
Lymphocytic choriomeningitis (pronunciation: lim-foh-syt-ik koh-ree-oh-men-in-jahy-tis), often abbreviated as LCM, is a viral infectious disease caused by the lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV).
Etymology
The term "lymphocytic" is derived from the Greek words "lympho" meaning clear, watery fluid and "cytic" meaning cell. "Choriomeningitis" is derived from "chorio" meaning membrane, "meningo" meaning of the meninges, and "itis" meaning inflammation. Thus, the term refers to the inflammation of the meninges and the choroid plexus caused by a specific type of virus.
Definition
LCMV is a member of the Arenaviridae family of viruses, which are typically carried by rodents. Humans can contract the virus through exposure to rodent urine, droppings, saliva, or nesting materials. In rare cases, it can also be transmitted through organ transplantation.
Symptoms
Symptoms of LCM can range from mild flu-like symptoms to severe neurological disease. These may include fever, malaise, lack of appetite, muscle aches, headache, nausea, and vomiting. In severe cases, it can lead to meningitis or encephalitis.
Diagnosis
Diagnosis of LCM is typically made through a combination of clinical symptoms and laboratory testing. The most definitive test is a serology test that detects antibodies to the LCMV in the blood.
Treatment
There is no specific antiviral treatment for LCM. Management of the disease typically involves supportive care, including rest, hydration, and pain relief. In severe cases, hospitalization may be required.
Prevention
Prevention of LCM involves avoiding contact with rodents and taking precautions when handling rodents or cleaning areas where rodents have been present.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
- Wikipedia's article - Lymphocytic choriomeningitis
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