Low birthweight

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Low birthweight

Low birthweight (pronunciation: loʊ bɜːθweɪt) is a term used in medicine to describe a newborn who weighs less than 2,500 grams (5.5 pounds) at birth. The condition is often associated with premature birth and can lead to a variety of health issues.

Etymology

The term "low birthweight" is derived from the English words "low," meaning small in amount, and "birthweight," which refers to the weight of a newborn at the time of birth.

Causes

Low birthweight can be caused by a variety of factors, including maternal health issues, genetic disorders, and environmental factors. Some of the most common causes include:

  • Premature birth: Babies born before 37 weeks of gestation often weigh less than those born at full term.
  • Intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR): This occurs when a baby doesn't grow at a normal rate inside the womb, often due to problems with the placenta or maternal health issues.
  • Multiple pregnancy: Twins, triplets, and other multiples are often born with low birthweight because they have to share nutrients in the womb.
  • Maternal malnutrition: If the mother doesn't get enough nutrients during pregnancy, the baby may not grow properly.

Complications

Babies with low birthweight are at a higher risk of several health problems, including:

Prevention

Preventing low birthweight often involves improving maternal health and nutrition, as well as providing appropriate prenatal care. This can include:

  • Regular prenatal checkups: These can help detect and manage any problems that could affect the baby's growth.
  • Healthy diet: Pregnant women should eat a balanced diet rich in nutrients to support their baby's growth.
  • Avoiding harmful substances: This includes tobacco, alcohol, and illicit drugs, which can all harm a baby's growth.

External links

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