Lifestyle disease

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Lifestyle disease

Lifestyle disease (pronunciation: /ˈlaɪfˌstaɪl diːˈziːz/) is a term used to refer to diseases that are primarily caused by daily habits and behaviors, such as diet, physical activity, smoking, and alcohol consumption. The term is often used in contrast to infectious diseases, which are typically caused by pathogens.

Etymology

The term "lifestyle disease" is derived from the English words "lifestyle", referring to the way in which a person lives, and "disease", which refers to a disorder of structure or function in a human, animal, or plant, especially one that produces specific symptoms or that affects a specific location.

Related terms

  • Non-communicable disease: A disease that is not transmissible directly from one person to another. Lifestyle diseases are a subset of non-communicable diseases.
  • Chronic disease: A disease that is persistent or otherwise long-lasting in its effects. Many lifestyle diseases are also chronic diseases.
  • Risk factor: A characteristic, condition, or behavior that increases the likelihood of getting a disease or injury. Lifestyle factors are often risk factors for various diseases.
  • Preventive healthcare: Measures taken to prevent diseases or injuries rather than curing them or treating their symptoms. This often involves lifestyle modifications.

Examples of lifestyle diseases

  • Cardiovascular disease: A class of diseases that involve the heart or blood vessels. These are often associated with lifestyle factors such as poor diet, lack of exercise, and smoking.
  • Type 2 diabetes: A chronic condition that affects the way the body processes blood sugar (glucose). It is often associated with obesity, which is in turn associated with lifestyle factors.
  • Chronic respiratory diseases: Diseases of the airways and other structures of the lung. Some of these diseases, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) and asthma, are often associated with smoking.
  • Cancer: A group of diseases involving abnormal cell growth with the potential to invade or spread to other parts of the body. Certain types of cancer, such as lung cancer and colorectal cancer, are often associated with lifestyle factors.

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