Leucopenia

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Leucopenia

Leucopenia (pronounced: loo-koh-pee-nee-uh) is a medical condition characterized by a decrease in the number of white blood cells (leukocytes) in the blood, which can lead to increased susceptibility to infection.

Etymology

The term "Leucopenia" is derived from the Greek words "leukos" meaning "white" and "penia" meaning "deficiency".

Definition

Leucopenia is a decrease in the number of white blood cells found in the blood, typically below 4,000 cells per microliter. This condition can be caused by various diseases and medical treatments, such as chemotherapy, which can damage the bone marrow where these cells are produced.

Symptoms

Symptoms of Leucopenia may not be noticeable in mild cases. However, with severe or prolonged Leucopenia, symptoms may include frequent infections, fever, and unusual tiredness or weakness.

Causes

Leucopenia can be caused by a variety of conditions and treatments, including:

  • Certain types of cancer, such as leukemia or lymphoma, which can damage the bone marrow.
  • Chemotherapy and radiation therapy, which can also damage the bone marrow.
  • Certain medications, such as antibiotics or diuretics, which can decrease white blood cell production.
  • Autoimmune disorders, such as lupus or rheumatoid arthritis, which can cause the body to destroy its own white blood cells.
  • Certain infectious diseases, such as HIV or hepatitis, which can affect white blood cell production.

Treatment

Treatment for Leucopenia typically involves addressing the underlying cause. This may include changing medications, treating infections, or providing supportive care for conditions that affect the bone marrow.

Related Terms

  • Leukocytes: White blood cells that help the body fight infection.
  • Bone marrow: The spongy tissue inside some bones where blood cells are produced.
  • Chemotherapy: A type of cancer treatment that uses drugs to kill cancer cells.
  • Autoimmune disorder: A condition in which the body's immune system attacks its own tissues.

External links

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