Surgical airway management
Surgical Airway Management
Surgical airway management (pronunciation: sur-ji-kal air-way man-ij-ment) is a critical procedure in emergency medicine and anesthesiology that involves establishing an airway for a patient to ensure adequate oxygenation and ventilation.
Etymology
The term "surgical airway management" is derived from the medical field. "Surgical" comes from the Greek word "cheirourgia," meaning "hand work," and "airway management" refers to the procedures used to ensure a patient's airway remains open and functional.
Procedure
Surgical airway management is typically performed when non-surgical methods, such as intubation, have failed or are not possible. The procedure involves creating an opening in the neck and inserting a tube into the trachea (windpipe) to allow air to reach the lungs. This procedure is known as a tracheostomy or cricothyrotomy, depending on the specific location of the incision.
Related Terms
- Emergency Medicine: The medical specialty dedicated to the diagnosis and treatment of unforeseen illness or injury.
- Anesthesiology: The medical specialty focusing on the relief of pain and total care of the surgical patient before, during, and after surgery.
- Oxygenation: The process of delivering oxygen to the blood by diffusion from the alveoli following inhalation into the lungs.
- Ventilation: The process of exchanging air between the lungs and the atmosphere so that oxygen can be exchanged for carbon dioxide in the alveoli.
- Intubation: The placement of a flexible plastic tube into the trachea to maintain an open airway or to serve as a conduit through which to administer certain drugs.
- Tracheostomy: A surgical procedure which consists of making an incision on the anterior aspect of the neck and opening a direct airway through an incision in the trachea.
- Cricothyrotomy: An emergency surgical procedure that is performed when an airway is needed immediately and other forms of airway management have failed or are not possible.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Surgical airway management
- Wikipedia's article - Surgical airway management
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