Istradefylline
Istradefylline
Istradefylline (pronounced as is-tra-de-fil-ine) is a medication used for the treatment of Parkinson's disease. It is an adenosine A2A receptor antagonist, and its primary use is as an adjunctive treatment to levodopa/carbidopa in patients with Parkinson's disease experiencing "off" episodes.
Etymology
The name "Istradefylline" is derived from its chemical structure. The prefix "Istra" is derived from the chemical structure of the drug, which includes an isoxazole ring and a triazolopyrimidine ring. The suffix "defylline" is a common suffix for drugs that act as adenosine receptor antagonists.
Pharmacology
Istradefylline works by blocking the adenosine A2A receptors in the brain. This action reduces the overactivity of the globus pallidus and subthalamic nucleus, which are parts of the brain that are overactive in Parkinson's disease. By reducing this overactivity, Istradefylline can help to reduce the symptoms of Parkinson's disease.
Related Terms
- Parkinson's disease: A neurodegenerative disorder that affects predominately dopamine-producing neurons in a specific area of the brain called substantia nigra.
- Adenosine: A nucleoside composed of a molecule of adenine attached to a ribose sugar molecule (ribofuranose) moiety via a β-N9-glycosidic bond.
- Levodopa/Carbidopa: A combination medication used to treat symptoms of Parkinson's disease or Parkinson-like symptoms.
- Globus pallidus: One of the structures in the brain that regulates voluntary movement.
- Subthalamic nucleus: A small lens-shaped nucleus in the brain where it is, from a functional point of view, part of the basal ganglia system.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Istradefylline
- Wikipedia's article - Istradefylline
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