Immunoglobulin A

From WikiMD.org
Jump to navigation Jump to search

Immunoglobulin A (IgA, pronounced /ɪˌmjʊnəˈɡlɒbjʊlɪn eɪ/) is an antibody that plays a crucial role in the immune system's function in the mucous membranes. The term "Immunoglobulin A" is derived from the Latin roots "immunis" meaning exempt, and "globus" meaning sphere, referring to the protein's role in the immune response.

Structure

Immunoglobulin A is a monomer in its basic form, but in the secretory immune system, it is a dimer that includes the J chain and the secretory component. This structure allows it to carry out its functions effectively in the mucosal immune system.

Function

Immunoglobulin A is primarily found in areas of the body such as the nose, breathing passages, digestive tract, ears, eyes, and vagina. It is responsible for protecting these body surfaces against foreign substances. It does this by preventing the entry of pathogens and their toxins into the body.

Clinical significance

Immunoglobulin A deficiency is a common primary immunodeficiency. People with this condition are prone to infections, particularly in the sinuses, lungs, and gastrointestinal tract. They may also have an increased risk of developing autoimmune diseases.

Related terms

External links

Esculaap.svg

This WikiMD dictionary article is a stub. You can help make it a full article.


Languages: - East Asian 中文, 日本, 한국어, South Asian हिन्दी, Urdu, বাংলা, తెలుగు, தமிழ், ಕನ್ನಡ,
Southeast Asian Indonesian, Vietnamese, Thai, မြန်မာဘာသာ, European español, Deutsch, français, русский, português do Brasil, Italian, polski