Imidazoles
Imidazoles
Imidazoles (pronounced as im-id-uh-zohl) are a class of organic compounds with a five-membered ring structure containing two nitrogen atoms at non-adjacent positions. The term "imidazole" is derived from the Greek words "imidos" meaning "amido group" and "azole" referring to a five-membered ring.
Structure
Imidazoles are characterized by a five-membered ring structure, which includes two non-adjacent nitrogen atoms and three carbon atoms. The two nitrogen atoms are often referred to as the 'pyrrole-like' nitrogen (N-1) and the 'pyridine-like' nitrogen (N-2).
Synthesis
Imidazoles can be synthesized through several methods, including the Debus-Radziszewski imidazole synthesis, the Meyer and Van der Haar imidazole synthesis, and the Pinner method of imidazole synthesis.
Uses
Imidazoles have a wide range of applications in the field of medicine. They are used as a core structure in many pharmaceutical drugs, including antifungal drugs like clotrimazole and miconazole, and H2 receptor antagonists like cimetidine and ranitidine.
Related Terms
- Azoles: A class of five-membered heterocyclic compounds, of which imidazoles are a subclass.
- Benzimidazoles: A type of imidazoles that have a benzene ring fused to the imidazole ring.
- Histamine: A compound that is derived from imidazole and is involved in local immune responses.
External links
- Medical encyclopedia article on Imidazoles
- Wikipedia's article - Imidazoles
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