Hypotonic hyponatremia

Hypotonic Hyponatremia

Hypotonic hyponatremia (pronunciation: hi-po-ton-ik hi-po-na-tre-mia) is a medical condition characterized by abnormally low levels of sodium in the blood plasma, which is less concentrated than normal.

Etymology

The term "hypotonic hyponatremia" is derived from three words: "hypo" meaning low, "tonic" referring to the concentration, and "hyponatremia" which is a condition of low sodium levels in the blood.

Definition

Hypotonic hyponatremia is a subtype of hyponatremia, where the tonicity of the blood plasma is lower than normal. This condition occurs when there is an imbalance in the body's sodium and water levels, with a relative excess of water or a deficiency of sodium.

Causes

Hypotonic hyponatremia can be caused by a variety of conditions that result in an excess of water in the body or a loss of sodium. These can include kidney disease, liver disease, heart failure, and certain medications such as diuretics.

Symptoms

Symptoms of hypotonic hyponatremia can vary depending on the severity of the condition. They can range from mild symptoms such as headache, nausea, and fatigue, to severe symptoms like seizures, coma, and even death in extreme cases.

Treatment

Treatment of hypotonic hyponatremia typically involves addressing the underlying cause of the condition. This can include adjusting medication dosages, treating underlying diseases, or in severe cases, intravenous administration of sodium chloride.

Related Terms

• Hyponatremia
• Hypernatremia
• Isotonic hyponatremia
• Hypertonic hyponatremia

External links

• Medical encyclopedia article on Hypotonic hyponatremia
• Wikipedia's article - Hypotonic hyponatremia

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